View local vim buffers

vim ~/.viminfo

Exec vim command to multiple files(argdo)

Basic usage: :args *file_pattern :argdo my_command | update

Practical example: :args *py :argdo %s/ $//g | update

The example above will remove windows newline in all python files of current directory.

Using :h argdo in vim to view official doc.
Discussion on SO

Run vimdiff in colorless mode

TERM=vt100 vimdiff file1 file2

You can even use TERM=vt110 to make an intended error parameter,
in order to cancel the highlights.

Define a user command

You use :command Your_command_name command_text to diy command: Such as:

:command Hi echo "Go and suck my dicks!"
:Hi

DIY command must starts with upper class letters.

Encrypt a file

:X

Be aware, after you encrypted a file, you must use :wq to save your encryption.
Using :q will leads to a no-warning quit, and your encryption abandoned

Show special chars in vim

:set list

Redirect echoed content of command to file

redir => zen_temp | exe "my expressions" | redir END | put=zen_temp

Redirect values of expressions to file

:put = @%
vim_magic.md

Show all User Defined Functions

:function

To show the code of a particular function, you use :function FunctionName

Multiple commands in one line

echo "first echo." | echon "Second echo without prepend newline." | echo "Third echo"

Echo highlight content

echohl Title     "Specify the highlight styleyou prefer here, here `Title` can be replaced by other styles such as `Visual`.
echo "Intended highlight contents"
echohl None      "# Stop echo highlight signal

Source an external vim-script

:so my_vim_script
:source my_vim_script

List all search patterns in a file

With line number: :g/pattern/#

Without line number: :g/pattern/p

Substitute all alphabete to a particular symbol

:substitute/\a/*/g

Enter vim shell(Ex mode)

Execute command expressions

:execute "echo 'my command expressions'"

Make your vim fake death

# Fake death for 10 seconds
:sleep 10

# Fake death for 50 milliseconds
:sleep 50m

Open command-line window

q:

when you already in command line, press CTRL-F to enter command window

Make incremental list or decremental list easily

raw data: 0 0
command: qa0CTRL-AwCTRL-Xyypq5@a
result:
        1 -1
        2 -2
        3 -3
        4 -4
        5 -5
        6 -6
        6 -6

Unfold all

zR

Change a file into python list data

:%s/^/"/g | %s/$/",/g | 1s/^/[/ | $s/$/]/

Multiple command abbreviations

ca multi_abbr command1 <bar> command2 <bar> command3

substitue content of last line

$s/pattern/result/g

. current line :.w single.txt
.+1,$ line after current line to end :.+1,$s/old/new/g .,.5 same (.5 is interpreted as .+5) :.,.5s/old/new/g

Solve buftype no write issue(make a file writable)

set buftype=

Others

Replace pattern with pattern + newline (using \r instead of \n) s/pattern/pattern\r/

None greedy version for .* .{-}

Increment 1 to the first number in the specified line-range: :4,8s/\d+/\=submatch(0) + 1/

Show current_line info + G

Write something into register, here we use "2 :let @2 = "scooter"

Repeat last executed command-line @: # : refers to ": register here

Paste content neatly.

set paste

Go definition of current attribute

gd

<CRTL> + f/b    # Forward or backward 1 screen
<CRTL> + u/d    # Upward or downward 0.5 screen (Upward=Forward, downward=backward)
<CRTL> + y/e    # Go up or down 1 line

You can preced a number before press the combo key. And the motion will multiply that number. So 3<CTRL>y will go 3 lines up.
You can also set nnoremap <C-e> 2<C-e> in your vimrc to make your <CTRL>e goes two lines down when you press them everytime.

Switching Case

There are two ways of switching cases in vim.

Under visual mode, select some content, press ~ to togglebetween case, u to switch to lower case, U to swith to upper case
using gu/gU/g~ + {motion}, works for normal mode

change word case

g~iw        # switch the case status of an inner word

iw stands for inner word, alphanumeric chars connect by _ or other alphanumeric chars was considered a word, KEff213E and apple_123 are two inner words, using :h iw to view more details

change line-range case

gu3j        # count 3 lines down from current line, make the content of these 4 lines lower case
gU1G        # go from the current line to the first line, make these two lines every_line between them upper case.
gU'a        # go from the current line to the line of marka, make these two lines every_line between them upper case.

guu, gUU, and g~~ will lower, upper, toggle the case of current line. It seems double verb means do action to current line, like yy, dd do. I can investigate this assumption in the future.

change position-range case

~           # Toggle character under the cursor
3~          # Toggle next 3 character starts from cursor
g~`a        # go from the current position to mark a, switch case for characters on these two positions and every character between them.
g~$         # Toggle case from current position to the end of current line

UNSORTED

find line contains pattern in this file and delete that line
```
:%g/pattern/d
```
在本文件里寻找所有用 - 符号分隔的两段内容，并把它们的顺序交换
```
:%s/$.*$-$.*$-/\2-\1-/g
```
Scroll up and down of half screen
```
<C-d> & <C-u>
```
Scorll up and down of one line ( can be precede by num of lines, like 10 )
```
<C-e> & <C-y>
```
删除本文件内所有行尾部的空格
```
:%s/\s\+$//g
```
将所有与非特殊符号字符的pattern替换掉，特殊符号可以是空格，标点，\t等。在此命令中，pattern只能为字母或数字
```
:%s!\<PATTERN\>!TARGET_VALUE!gc
```

\<和>分别表示 PATTERN 前和 PATTERN 后的任意符号, 如s!\<vi!VIM! 会将 &vi 里的vi替换成VIM，而不会替换 avi 里的 vi。

Ignore capitalization when doing pattern searching
```
:s!PATTERN!TARGET_VALUE!i
```
Add a newline start with
on the top of the line which starts with *
```
:%s/^\*.*$/<br>\r&/gc
```

\r is a cross-platform symbol which means press down the enter/return key

VIMRC

This will apply specified vim configurations when vim find the filetype is python

autocmd FileType python set tabstop=8|set shiftwidth=4|set softtabstop=4|set expandtab

autocmd can allow lots of automatic operation when meets the specified event, it is powerful.

vim magic